ARTICLE

Volume 3,Issue 1

Fall 2025

Cite this article
3
Download
6
Citations
22
Views
20 January 2025

考虑氢能多元利用与绿证 -碳交易机制的虚拟电厂优化调度方法

睿婕 徐1 智 李2 凤伟 赵2 巍峰 董2 昕 张2 永峰 任1
Show Less
1 内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院, 中国
2 华能新能源股份有限公司蒙西分公司, 中国
© 2025 by the author. Licensee Art and Design, USA. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

为加快推动虚拟电厂(Virtual power plant,VPP)发展,促进新能源消纳,提高电力系统保供能力,本文提出一种考虑氢能多元利用与碳 - 绿证交互运行机制的虚拟电厂低碳调度策略。建立绿证 - 奖惩阶梯碳交易联合运行模型,利用阶梯碳价引导系统降低碳排放量,从市场机制层面促进可再生能源消纳;构建含电解槽环节、氢燃料电池环节、氢转甲醇环节、氢能绿证环节的氢能多元利用框架,提高绿氢利用率并降低制氢成本;利用负荷侧灵活需求响应机制削峰填谷,保证系统供电稳定性和灵活性。算例以内蒙古某电厂为实例进行仿真分析,结果表明,所提方法可以使系统碳排放降低 39.9%,系统总成本降低 76.3%,能够实现系统的低碳经济运行,为虚拟电厂的推广和发展提供参考。

Keywords
碳交易机制
绿证交易机制
氢能多元利用
需求响应
虚拟电厂
References

[1]国家能源局. 关于加快推进虚拟电厂发展的指导意见[EB/OL].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202504/content_7018244.htm.

[2] 许星原,陈皓勇,黄宇翔,等.虚拟电厂市场化交易中的挑战、策略与关键技术[J].发电技术,2023,44(6):745-757.
XU X Y,CHEN H Y,HUANG Y X,et al.Challenges,strategies and key technologies for virtual power plants in market trading[J].Power Generation Technology,2023,44(6):745-757.

[3] 段贵超,王恭,曹生现,等.虚拟电厂运行策略及DG分布式控制研究[J].发电技术,2024,45(4):765-771.
DUAN G C,WANG G,CAO S X,et al.Research on operation strategy of virtual power plant and distributed control of DG[J].Power Generation Technology,2024,45(4):765-771.

[4] 张灿,张明震.中国新型公路交通能源综合系统发展对策研究[J].南方能源建设,2024,11(5):95-104.
ZHANG C,ZHANG M Z.Countermeasures for the development of China’s new highway TransportationEnergy integrated system[J].Southern Energy Construction,2024,11(5):95-104.

[5] 张杰,宋科,张瀚,等.车载供氢系统发展现状及展望[J].发电技术,2025,46(1):58-71.
ZHANG J,SONG K,ZHANG H,et al.Development status and prospects of onboard hydrogen supply systems[J].Power Generation Technology,2025,46(1):58-71.

[6] 石志鹏,石祥建,蔡丹,等.绿电与绿氢耦合煤化工的系统建设方案[J].南方能源建设,2023,10(3):143-149.
SHI Z P,SHI X J,CAI D,et al.Construction scheme for the system coupling coal chemical industry with green electricity and green hydrogen[J].Southern Energy Construction,2023,10(3):143-149.

[7] 朱新荣,王勇超,杨柳.低碳建筑氢能利用研究进展[J].工程科学与技术,2025,57(3):61-71.
ZHU X R,WANG Y C,YANG L.Research progress on hydrogen energy utilization in low-carbon building[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2025,57(3):61-71.

[8] 潘光胜,顾钟凡,罗恩博,等.新型电力系统背景下的电制氢技术分析与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2023,47(10):1-13.
PAN G S,GU Z F,LUO E B,et al.Analysis and prospect of electrolytic hydrogen technology under background of new power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2023,47(10):1-13.

[9] 李奇,霍莎莎,蒲雨辰,等.面向含氢综合能源系统的电-碳-氢耦合交易市场研究综述[J].电力自动化设备,2023,43(12):175-187.
LI Q,HUO S S,PU Y C,et al.Review on electricity-carbon-hydrogen coupling trading market for integrated energy system with hydrogen[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2023,43(12):175-187.

[10] 兰宇,龙妍,张哲豪,等.可再生能源制氢跨省供应的技术经济可行性研究[J].发电技术,2023,44(4):473-483.
LAN Y,LONG Y,ZHANG Z H,et al.Technical and economic feasibility of inter-provincial supply of renewable energy hydrogen production[J].Power Generation Technology,2023,44(4):473-483.

[11] 赵波,吴启亮,陈哲,等.基于可再生能源的电氢耦合关键技术及示范验证[J/OL].中国电机工程学报,2024:1-14.(2024-11-15).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20241114.1807.019.html.
ZHAO B,WU Q L,CHEN Z,et al.Key technology of electricity-hydrogen coupling based on renewable energy and its demonstration and verification[J/OL].Proceedings of the CSEE,2024:1-14.(2024-11-15).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20241114.1807.019.html.

[12] 王秋杰,刘国安,谭洪,等.考虑电氢耦合的虚拟电厂鲁棒可行域模型与求解[J].电网技术,2025,49(3):889-898.
WANG Q J,LIU G A,TAN H,et al.Models and solutions of robust feasible region for virtual power plants with electric hydrogen coupling[J].Power System Technology,2025,49(3):889-898.

[13] 陈永权,方瑜.多组合虚拟电厂中氢储能低碳经济配置与优化[J].电网与清洁能源,2024,40(3):107-118.
CHEN Y Q,FANG Y.Low carbon economic configuration and optimization of hydrogen storage in multi-portfolio virtual power plants[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2024,40(3):107-118.

[14] WANG L L,XIAN R C,JIAO P H,et al.Multi-timescale optimization of integrated energy system with diversified utilization of hydrogen energy under the coupling of green certificate and carbon trading[J].Renewable Energy,2024,228:120597.

[15] 葛淑娜,张彩玲,王爽,等.计及氢能多元利用和绿证-碳联合交易的综合能源系统优化运行[J].电力自动化设备,2023,43(12):231-237.
GE S N,ZHANG C L,WANG S,et al.Optimal operation of integrated energy system considering multi-utilization of hydrogen energy and green certification-carbon joint trading[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2023,43(12):231-237.

[16] 汪飞,喻梦伊,陈良勇.氢能产业技术经济性分析及展望[J].电力科技与环保,2024,40(5):445-454.
WANG F,YU M Y,CHEN L Y.Technical and economic analysis and outlook of hydrogen energy industry[J].Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection,2024,40(5):445-454.

[17] 陈明健,陈胜,王异成,等.考虑氢能绿证的电-氢综合能源系统机会约束优化调度[J].电力自动化设备,2023,43(12):206-213.
CHEN M J,CHEN S,WANG Y C,et al.Chance constrained optimal scheduling of electric-hydrogen integrated energy system considering green certificate of hydrogen energy[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2023,43(12):206-213.

[18]曹昕冉,刘继春,刘可欣.基于时变量价特性的多主体参与需求响应市场决策方法[J/OL].电网技术,1-14.https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2024.1777.
CAO XR,LIU JC,LIU KX.A decision-making method for multi-agent participation in demand response markets based on time-variable pricing characteristics[J/OL].电网技术,1-14.https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2024.1777.

[19]贾宏杰,徐畅,靳小龙,等.考虑绿证-碳排联合交易的电解铝企业参与电-碳市场决策方法[J/OL]. Power System Technology,1-15.https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2025.0035.
JIA HJ,XU C,JING XL, et al.Decision-making methods for electrolytic aluminum enterprises participating in the electricity-carbon market, considering the joint trading of green certificates and carbon emissions[J/OL]. Power System Technology,1-15.https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2025.0035.

[20] 李文琦,孙伟卿,杨文威.考虑碳交易及需求响应的虚拟电厂运行优化策略[J].上海理工大学学报,2024,46(5):484-493.
LI W Q,SUN W Q,YANG W W.Virtual power plant operation optimization strategy considering carbon trading and demand response[J].Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,2024,46(5):484-493.

[21] 魏春晖,单林森,胡大栋,等.面向需求响应的园区虚拟电厂优化调度策略[J/OL].中国电力,2025:1-10.(2025-02-18).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20250218.0810.002.html.
WEI C H,SHAN L S,HU D D,et al.Optimal scheduling strategy of virtual power plant in park oriented to demand response[J/OL].Electric Power,2025:1-10.(2025-02-18).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20250218.0810.002.html.

[22] 赵泽斌,生世玉,张琪瑞,等.电力行业碳交易与绿证交易政策并行的减排效应及协同设计[J/OL].系统工程理论与实践,2025:1-19.(2025-02-25).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2267.n.20250225.0943.002.html.
ZHAO Z B,SHENG S Y,ZHANG Q R,et al.Emission reduction effect and collaborative design of carbon trading and green card trading policies in power industry[J/OL].Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice,2025:1-19.(2025-02-25).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2267.n.20250225.0943.002.html.

[23] ZHANG L,LIU D Y,CAI G W,et al.An optimal dispatch model for virtual power plant that incorporates carbon trading and green certificate trading[J].International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,2023,144:108558.

[24] 李姚旺,张世旭,杨晨,等.考虑绿电与绿证交易的实时用电碳核算方法[J/OL].中国电机工程学报,2024:1-12.(2024-08-29).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.tm.20240828.1525.008.html.
LI Y W,ZHANG S X,YANG C,et al.Real-time carbon accounting method considering green electricity and green certificate transactions[J/OL].Proceedings of the CSEE,2024:1-12.(2024-08-29).https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.tm.20240828.1525.008.html.

[25] YU X Y,DONG Z J,ZHOU D Q,et al.Integration of tradable green certificates trading and carbon emissions trading:How will Chinese power industry do?[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2021,279:123485.

[26] 朱法华,徐静馨,潘超,等.煤电在碳中和目标实现中的机遇与挑战[J].电力科技与环保,2022,38(2):79-86.
ZHU F H,XU J X,PAN C,et al.Opportunities and challenges of coal power industry in the achievement of carbon neutrality goal[J].Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection,2022,38(2):79-86.

[27] 谭玲玲,孙鹏,郭沛璇,等.含氢储能的微电网低碳-经济协同优化配置[J].发电技术,2024,45(5):983-994.
TAN L L,SUN P,GUO P X,et al.Low-carbon and economic synergy optimization configuration for microgrid with hydrogen energy storage[J].Power Generation Technology,2024,45(5):983-994.

[28]WANG J,LI G,LI Z,et al.A highly selective and stable ZnO-ZrO2 solid solution catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol[J]. Science advances, 2017, 3(10): e1701290.

[29]王守相,郑婉婷,赵倩宇,等.基于碳-绿证互认和电热柔性负荷的含氢多能系统源荷低碳经济调度方法[J/OL].高电压技术,1-12.https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20232057.
WANG SX,ZHENG WT,ZHAO QY,et al.Source-load low-carbon economic dispatch method for hydrogen multi-energy system based on mutual recognition of carbon-green certificates and electric and thermal flexible loads[J/OL].High Voltage Engineering,1-12.https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20232057.

Share
Back to top